国际汽联叫停F1轮辋研发竞赛
国际汽联已采取行动，阻止F1出现一场围绕轮辋设计的新研发竞赛，避免只用于排位的轮辋成为必备装备。2026年规则允许车队自行设计轮辋后，各队发现优化轮胎温度可带来收益，法拉利在巴塞罗那大奖赛引入新轮辋帮助后轮冷却，并助力汉密尔顿夺冠。
国际汽联已采取行动，阻止F1出现一场潜在的新研发竞赛，这场竞赛可能导致只用于排位的轮辋成为必备装备。
2026年F1规则的关键变化之一是放弃标准轮辋，车队再次获得使用自行设计轮辋的自由。
这引发了一场引人关注的升级竞争，因为各车队逐渐意识到优化轮胎温度可以带来收益。
例如在巴塞罗那大奖赛上，法拉利引入了新轮辋以帮助改善后轮冷却，这些轮辋在刘易斯·汉密尔顿为该队夺冠的过程中发挥了作用。
其他车队也效仿法拉利，在全年中调整了轮辋设计——尤其是迈凯伦，它一直试图通过新的轮辋设计来帮助更好地预热前轮胎、并更多地冷却后轮胎。
F1轮胎供应商倍耐力表示，年初就已明显看出，车队自己的设计在控制轮胎温度方面产生了多大影响。
其首席工程师西蒙·贝拉解释道：“这是一个相当显著的变化。
“我们今年看到的是，总体稳定后的条件比过去低得多，这是因为轮辋基本上在冷却整个车轮以及轮胎本身。”
各车队在今年过程中取得的进展表明，冬季在这一领域的研发很可能会加速。
这引发了国际汽联内部的担忧，因为明显的性能收益摆在眼前，车队可能会将其推向极端。
其中一项担忧是，一些车队可能会选择投入大量资源，为排位赛使用一种轮辋设计，而为正赛使用另一种。
这样做的好处是，可以让轮胎温度针对单个飞驰圈进行优化——可能是通过更多地加热前轮或后轮来帮助完善平衡——然后在正赛中再进行调整，此时的目标是尽可能长时间地保持橡胶冷却。
考虑到这一风险以及可能随之而来的军备竞赛，国际汽联已推动对F1 2027年技术规则进行修改，以杜绝各队走这条路线。
这些修改本周已获国际汽联世界汽车运动理事会批准，并将从2027年初开始生效。
新规要求，从冲刺赛或正赛前赛车进入封闭车检区（pre-parc ferme）时起，只能使用“单一规格”的轮辋。
这意味着车队在每场排位赛和正赛中必须坚持使用相同规格的前后轮辋——不得在这两节比赛之间进行更换。
规则明确，一旦F1赛车带着轮辋驶离维修区，该轮辋即被视为已使用。
英文原文
The FIA has moved to close off a potential new development arms race in Formula 1 that could have led to qualifying-only wheel rims becoming a must-have item.
One of the key changes to F1’s 2026 rules was a move away from standard wheel rims, with teams having freedom once again to use their own designs.
This has led to an intriguing battleground of updates as teams have come to realise the benefits that can come from optimising tyre temperatures.
At the Barcelona Grand Prix, for example, Ferrari introduced new wheel rims to help improve cooling at the rear and these helped play a part in Lewis Hamilton taking victory for the squad.
Other outfits followed Ferrari’s lead in tweaking wheel rim designs over the course of the year – with McLaren in particular having pursued a path of trying to use new rim designs to help warm up its front tyres better and cool the rears more.
F1 tyre supplier Pirelli said it became obvious early in the year how much of an impact the teams’ own designs were having in controlling tyre temperatures.
Its chief engineer Simone Berra explained: “It's quite a significant variation.
“What we have seen this year is that generally stabilised conditions are much lower than in the past, and this is because the rim basically is cooling the whole wheel, and the tyres themselves.”
The gains teams had found over the course of this year pointed to a likely ramping up of development in this area over the winter.
This prompted concerns within the FIA about teams taking it to extremes because of the clear performance benefits on offer.
One of the worries was that some squads could choose to invest heavily in running one wheel rim design for qualifying and another for the race.
The benefit from this would be having tyre temperatures optimised for a single flying lap – potentially by firing up the fronts or the rears more to help perfect the balance – and then altered for the race when the aim is to keep the rubber cool for as long as possible.
Mindful about this risk, and the spending war that could have followed, the FIA has pushed through changes to F1’s 2027 regulations to stamp out this route being followed.
These were approved this week by the FIA's World Motor Sport Council and come into force from the start of 2027.
They demand that only a “single specification” of wheel rim may be used from the time the car is in pre-parc ferme before a sprint race or main grand prix.
This means that teams must stick to the same specification of front and rear wheel rims for each qualifying and race – with no scope to swap between the two sessions.
The rules clarify that wheel rims will be deemed to have been used once an F1 car has left the pitlane with the rims fitted.
The Race ·
内容来自公开信源，聚合内容版权归原作者与来源所有。