科尔顿·赫塔F1超级执照困惑解析：为何还差一分
赫塔在墨西哥大奖赛的首场自由练习赛中完成了超过100公里，看似已有40个超级执照积分，足以获得进入F1所需的执照。然而，根据国际汽联的说法，赫塔目前还差一分。
科尔顿·赫塔的F1超级执照困惑解析：为何还差一分
赫塔的超级执照情况在F1赛场上引起了巨大困惑。它与2025年印地赛车赛季有关；根据国际汽联，美国车手赫塔目前有39分——还不够申请超级执照。
赫塔在墨西哥大奖赛的首场自由练习赛中完成了超过100公里，看似已有40个超级执照积分，足以获得进入F1所需的执照。
然而，根据国际汽联，赫塔目前还差一分。
关于IndyCar 2025赛季的困惑
首先，回到基础。从其他锦标赛积累所需的40分有两种方式。FIA可以查看之前三年积累的所有积分，或者考虑之前两年加上当前赛季获得的积分。
“车手必须积累至少40分。FIA将考虑以下任一选项中积累的积分数量：(i)申请日期前一年的三年日历期间，或(ii)申请日期前一年的两年日历期间，加上申请日历年度积累的积分，取两者中较高者”，FIA的国际体育法典规定。
在赫塔的情况下，似乎选择的是前者：之前的三年加上他在当前赛季完成的F1练习赛，因为这些与特定年份无关。这位美国人从IndyCar带来了35分——关于这一点稍后还会提到——并通过他在F1自由练习赛中的表现获得了另外四分。
在墨西哥维修区，关于那些特别IndyCar积分的问题引起了相当大的混乱，关于总积分应该是35分还是36分。其中一些积分可以追溯到2023年IndyCar赛季；30分来自2024赛季，当时他获得了第二名；剩余的混乱与2025年的情况有关。
例如，在赫塔的维基百科页面上查找2025年IndyCar赛季的结果，人们会看到他被列为第七名，这仅值四个超级驾照积分。赫塔在那个赛季的积分与Felix Rosenqvist持平。
最初——当FIA在7月进行调查时——赫塔在IndyCar排名中位列第六，这将为他赢得六个积分。有了这六个积分，他现在将达到41分，轻松超过所需的40分——这也是维修区在第一次练习赛后的普遍看法。
然而，这被证明是错误的。FIA随后告知Motorsport.com，经过进一步调查，赫塔在2025年IndyCar赛季中被最终归类为第七名，这意味着目前他只有39分，还没有资格获得超级驾照。
这意味着赫塔需要再进行一次F1练习赛才能满足要求，凯迪拉克可以使用即将到来的圣保罗大奖赛或下一场在美国拉斯维加斯的F1周末。凯迪拉克已经表示，它打算给其弟子更多的自由练习机会，这意味着无论如何他都将满足超级执照的要求，但根据国际汽联的说法，他尚未在墨西哥做到这一点。
超级执照的有效期是多久，这对凯迪拉克意味着什么？
同样有趣的问题是，一旦FIA正式申请和颁发赫塔的超级执照，它的有效期将有多长。
严格来说，超级执照只有效期为一年，这可能会让人认为赫塔的潜在F1机会现在是或永远不是，并且必须在2027年发生。这与2024年印第安纳波利斯赛车赛季的30个超级执照积分有关，这些积分可能在2027年后失效。
然而，当Motorsport.com将这个问题提交给国际汽联（FIA）时，现实证明情况比这要复杂得多——而且对赫塔（Herta）来说要更有利。是的，超级驾照本身只有效期为一年，但申请它也提供了一个三年的安全网。
这个安全网与《国际体育法典》第13.1.5 b条相关，该条款规定，以下条件也足以获得另一张超级驾照：
“车手还必须满足以下至少一项要求：
“b) 获得超级驾照（不包括仅限自由练习的超级驾照），并且在申请之前，在前三年内至少完成过一次FIA一级方程式世界锦标赛比赛中的自由练习赛，累计至少100公里。”
具体来说，这意味着一旦一名车手获得了超级驾照，并且该驾照在一年后到期，他们就会成为'前驾照持有者'的类别。
这些'前驾照持有者'可以在完成至少100公里的一场F1自由练习赛的前提下，无需再次满足40分的要求，申请另一张超级驾照。
这意味着，在申请了赫塔的超级驾照后，凯迪拉克将有一个三年的窗口期，在这期间，如果美国车队打算这么做，他们可以给赫塔一个F1的机会。如果这个机会在2027年没有立即到来，赫塔的30个IndyCar积分确实会在未来失效，但他可以在接下来的几年里通过只需一场自由练习赛就能重新获得超级驾照——而不必再次担心40分的要求。
正式来说，凯迪拉克仍然需要确认2027年的车手阵容。在墨西哥的家乡赛事之前，塞戈维亚·佩雷斯（Sergio Pérez）的合同被重新谈判并延长至至少2029年，但在奥斯汀，马辛·布德科夫斯基（Marcin Budkowski）拒绝回答F1主持人提出的一个非常简单的问题，用'是'来回答。
车队负责人被问及两位车手是否有延长至本赛季之后的合同，但布德科夫斯基通过表示FIA新闻发布会不是讨论这个问题的场合来回避了这个问题。
因此，他为2027赛季之前可能的车手变动留下了可能的空间。当被问及时，瓦尔特里·博塔斯告诉Motorsport.com，他还没有担心可能失去他的F1赛车座位的担忧。
英文原文
Colton Herta's F1 superlicence confusion explained: why he's still one point short
Herta's superlicence situation has caused enormous confusion in the F1 paddock. It is linked to the 2025 IndyCar season; according to the FIA, the American currently has 39 points – not enough to apply for a superlicence yet
After completing more than 100 kilometres during the first free practice session at the Mexico Grand Prix, Colton Herta appeared to have 40 superlicence points to his name, which would be enough to qualify for the document required to secure a Formula 1 seat.
The reality, however, has proved far more complicated than that. According to the FIA, Herta is currently still one point short.
Confusion surrounding IndyCar’s 2025 season
First, back to basics. There are two ways to accumulate the required 40 points from other championships. The FIA can either look at all the points accumulated over the previous three calendar years or consider all the points earned over the previous two years plus the current season.
“The driver must have accumulated at least 40 points. The FIA will consider the number of points accumulated in either (i) the three-calendar year period immediately preceding the year of the date of the application, or (ii) the two-calendar year period immediately preceding the year of the date of the application in addition to points accumulated in the calendar year of the application, whichever is higher”, the FIA's International Sporting Code states.
In Herta's case, it appears to be the former option: the previous three years plus the F1 practice sessions he has completed during the current season, as those are not tied to a specific year. The American has brought 35 points with him from IndyCar – more on that later – and earned another four through his F1 free practice appearances.
There has been considerable confusion in the Mexico paddock over those IndyCar points in particular, and whether the total should be 35 or 36. One of those points dates back to the 2023 IndyCar season; 30 come from the 2024 season, when he finished runner-up; the remaining confusion relates to 2025.
Anyone looking up the results of the 2025 IndyCar season online, for example on Herta's Wikipedia page, will see him listed in seventh place, which would be worth just four superlicence points. Herta finished that season level on points with Felix Rosenqvist.
Initially – when the FIA conducted its investigation in July – Herta was listed sixth in the IndyCar standings, which would earn him six points. With those six points, he would now have reached 41 points, comfortably exceeding the required 40 – which was also the widespread belief in the paddock immediately after the first practice session.
However, that proved incorrect. The FIA subsequently informed Motorsport.com that, following further investigation, Herta has definitively been classified seventh in the 2025 IndyCar season, meaning that, as things stand, he has only 39 points and does not yet qualify for a superlicence.
This means Herta needs one more F1 practice session to meet the requirements, for which Cadillac could use the upcoming Sao Paulo Grand Prix or the next F1 weekend on American soil in Las Vegas. Cadillac has already expressed its intention to give its protege more free practice outings, meaning he will meet the superlicence requirements in any case, but, according to the FIA, he has not yet done so in Mexico.
How long is the superlicence valid, and what does this mean for Cadillac?
An equally interesting question is exactly how long Herta's superlicence will remain valid once it can officially be applied for and issued by the FIA.
Strictly speaking, a superlicence is only valid for one year, which might suggest that it is now or never for Herta's potential F1 opportunity, and that it has to happen in 2027. This is linked to the 30 superlicence points from the 2024 IndyCar season, which might expire after 2027.
However, when Motorsport.com put the matter to the FIA, the reality proved somewhat more complex than that as well – and somewhat more favourable for Herta. Yes, the superlicence itself is only valid for one year, but applying for it also provides a three-year safety net.
This safety net is linked to Article 13.1.5 b of the International Sporting Code, which states that the following is also sufficient to obtain another superlicence:
“The driver must also satisfy at least one of the following requirements:
“b) Have been granted a Super Licence (excluding Free Practice Only Super Licence) and, prior to application, have previously completed at least 100 km during a free practice session of an FIA Formula One World Championship competition, in any of the previous 3 years.”
In concrete terms, this means that once a driver has obtained a superlicence and it expires after a year, they fall into the category of 'previous licence holders'.
Those 'previous licence holders' can apply for another superlicence without having to meet the 40-point requirement again, provided they have completed at least 100 kilometres during an F1 free practice session.
This effectively means that, after applying for Herta's superlicence, Cadillac will have a three-year window in which to give him an F1 opportunity, if that is what the American team intends to do. If that opportunity does not come immediately in 2027, Herta's 30 IndyCar points will indeed expire in the future, but he can regain the superlicence in the following years with just one free practice session – without having to worry about the 40 points again.
Formally, Cadillac still has to confirm its driver line-up for 2027. Sergio Pérez's contract was renegotiated and extended until at least 2029 ahead of his home race in Mexico, but in Austin, Marcin Budkowski refused to answer a very simple question from the F1 presenter with a 'yes'.
The team principal was asked whether both drivers had contracts extending beyond the current season, but Budkowski avoided the question by saying that the FIA press conference was not the place to discuss it.
He thereby left the door open for a possible driver change ahead of the 2027 F1 season. Valtteri Bottas subsequently told Motorsport.com, when asked, that he was not yet concerned about potentially losing his F1 seat.
Motorsport.com ·
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