汉密尔顿与劳森巴库险情暴露2026规则隐患
刘易斯·汉密尔顿在阿塞拜疆大奖赛二练中因阻碍小红牛车手利亚姆·劳森被FIA干事警告，此事件暴露了2026年新规则在巴库赛道的一大危险。
刘易斯·汉密尔顿在阿塞拜疆大奖赛第二次练习赛中因阻挡利亚姆·劳森而被罚，这一事件暴露了2026年一级方程式规则在巴库赛道的一大隐患。
国际汽联干事认定，这位法拉利车手在巴库通过18/19号高速弯时挡住了小红牛对手的路线，属于“严重”阻挡。
劳森不得不在时速300公里（186英里）时刹车避让慢悠悠行驶的汉密尔顿。这位新西兰车手随即通过车队电台表达了自己的震惊。
“我的天哪。这真是太危险了，”劳森在事件被认定严重到需要干事介入之前如此说道。
不过，这种情况并不寻常，因为它并不是由练习赛中经常出现的、对更快车辆疏于留意所引发的。
相反，它围绕着本赛季前车队和车手就已经意识到的一个根本性风险点，即受能源限制的2026年赛车以及巴库的赛道布局。
法拉利与小红牛之间的速度差，并不是因为其中一辆全速行驶而另一辆松开油门慢速巡航。在那一刻，两辆车都是全油门。
然而，汉密尔顿的车速只有250公里/小时，而劳森达到了300公里/小时，这是因为他的动力单元处于一种被称为“自动K模式”（auto-k）的模式，在这种模式下电池不进行能量输出，他只依靠内燃机行驶。
这种情况发生在赛道的这一区域，是因为车队不想在计时线之前浪费任何不必要的电池能量。
相反，在19号弯之后的直道上有一个设定的点位，电机发电机组会在那里启动，提供动力提升，以便在单圈开始时获得最大功率和完美的最高速度。
车队和车手在抵达巴库之前就知道，出弯圈上不提早使用电池的赛车与全力释放电能推进的赛车之间会存在速度差。
这就是为什么国际汽联一级方程式比赛总监鲁伊·马克斯在周四上午发布了修订后的赛事说明，试图避免速度不匹配在18/19号弯序列中引发碰撞风险的情况。
马克斯要求处于出场圈或慢速圈的车手从16号弯出口到18号弯之间尽量靠最左侧行驶，然后管理好与后方赛车的差距，以避免在弯道中间被追上而陷入风险。
理论上这个想法不错，但在实践中却难以执行，因为各车队要摸清需要留出多大的差距，本身就很不容易。
汉密尔顿认为自己和法拉利给劳森留出的缓冲距离已经足够，但事实证明他们错了。
"基本上我当时领先四秒，进入最后一个弯时正在推进，"他解释道。"我能看到他。我以为差距够了。我全油门前进。然后就在我们进入18号弯的时候，赛车就像突然没力了一样，他一下子大幅缩短了差距。这种事谁都可能遇上。"
劳森对汉密尔顿所处的境遇表示同情，因为他认为要求车手在18号弯前减速以避免麻烦的做法可能更加危险。
"如果你在18号弯前减速让一辆车过去，那如果你只让那一个人过去还没问题，"他说。"但如果后面还有别人正在推进，比如我当时的情况，你会开到100公里/小时，而我差不多要开到300公里/小时。"
"如果你是前面那辆车，你一给油却发现什么都没有（指抓地力或动力不足），那是一种非常可怕的感觉，因为你甚至来不及让开。"
在干事们调查这起事件的听证会上，他们指出汉密尔顿在16号弯到18号弯之间的直道上没有离开行车线。虽然他们认为汉密尔顿并没有阻挡劳森的意图，但当时的情况非常"严重"，因此应该受到比警告更重的处罚。
但由于两位车手都提到在该区域的能量管理难题已被纳入考量，汉密尔顿只受到了一次警告，而没有受到更严重的处罚。
不过，汉密尔顿认为，国际汽联应该为车队和车手提供更明确的指导方针，说明快速接近的赛车之间需要保持多大差距——他表示打算在周四晚上的车手简报中提出这个问题。
“当你来到一个比赛周末时，没有任何数据或模拟来告诉你：好的，当你来到最后一个弯道并全油门出发，而你的功率比身后正在飞驰圈的车少了500马力时，你需要留出多大的差距才不会被他们追上，”他说。
“所以我认为，需要他们（国际汽联）给出更清晰的指导方针，因为我们这些车手谁都不想惹上麻烦。”
汉密尔顿认为一个更好的办法，他已经告知了干事，就是应当强制要求在18/19号弯全功率输出，以防止赛车之间存在过大的速度差。
“我跟他们说，他们应该做的是在单圈计时、也就是我们做飞驰圈的时候，在最后一个弯用最大功率，”他说。
“然后，当你通过19号弯之后，功率会重置，在这个区域你会多一点功率。应该让任何人都永远不要在18/19号弯慢速行驶。”
英文原文
Lewis Hamilton's reprimand for impeding Liam Lawson during second practice at the Azerbaijan Grand Prix has exposed one of the big dangers with Formula 1's 2026 rules around the Baku track.
The Ferrari driver was deemed by the FIA stewards to have been guilty of "severe" impeding as he got in the way of his Racing Bulls rival through the high-speed Turn 18/19 sweeps in Baku.
Lawson had to hit the brakes and take avoiding action at 300km/h (186mph) to avoid the dawdling Hamilton. The New Zealander expressed his shock about things on the team radio straight after.
"Oh my God. That is so f**king dangerous," declared Lawson, prior to the incident being deemed serious enough to warrant the stewards' intervention later.
The situation is an unusual one though, because it was triggered not by the normal inattention to faster cars that happens frequently in practice.
Instead, it revolved around a fundamental risk point that teams and drivers were aware of ahead of this weekend thanks to the energy starved 2026 cars and the Baku layout.
The speed differential between the Ferrari and Racing Bulls was not because one of them was going flat out and the other was cruising around off the throttle. Both were flat out at that point.
However, Hamilton was only going 250km/h against Lawson's 300km/h because his power unit was in a mode known as 'auto-k', where the battery is not being deployed and he is only running on the internal combustion engine.
That happens in this area of the track because teams do not want to waste any more battery energy than is necessary before the timing line.
Instead, there is a set point on the straight after Turn 19 where the MGU-K will kick in and deliver the power boost for maximum power and perfect top speed when the lap starts.
Teams and drivers knew before they arrived in Baku that the speed offsets between cars on out-laps – so not using battery early – and those pushing on maximum deployment would exist.
That is why F1 race director Rui Marques on Thursday morning issued revised event notes to try to avoid a situation where the speed mismatch risked a collision through the Turn 18/19 sequence.
Marques had demanded that drivers on out or slow laps should keep to the extreme left from the exit of Turn 16 to Turn 18, and then manage the gaps to cars behind to avoid the risk of being caught in the middle of the turns.
In theory the idea was good, but in practice it proved hard to act upon as teams faced an uphill battle in learning the kind of gaps needed.
Hamilton thought that the buffer he and Ferrari had left Lawson was enough, but they were proved wrong.
"I was four seconds ahead basically and I went into the last corner pushing," he explained. "I could see him. I thought the gap was enough. I got into full throttle. And then literally, as we got into [Turn] 18, it's like the car just died, and he swamped up the gap massively. That could happen to anyone."
Lawson had some sympathy with the situation Hamilton had found himself in, as he reckoned that expecting drivers to back off before Turn 18 to avoid trouble was potentially even more dangerous.
"If you slow down before Turn 18 to let a car go, that's fine if you let that guy go," he said. "But if there is somebody else pushing behind like in my situation, you are going to be doing 100km/h and I'm going to be doing nearly 300km/h.
"If you're that car in front and you get on power and you have nothing, it's a really scary feeling because you can't even get out of the way."
During the stewards' hearing to investigate the incident, they noted that Hamilton had not kept off-line on the run between Turns 16 and 18. And while they felt that there had been no intent by Hamilton to block Lawson the situation had been "severe" so deserved something greater than a warning.
But because the energy management headaches in that area that both drivers raised were taken into account, Hamilton was given a reprimand rather than anything more serious.
Hamilton reckoned, however, that teams and drivers should be given better guidelines by the FIA about gaps needed to fast cars approaching – something he said he planned to bring up in Thursday night's drivers' briefing.
"When you come into the weekend, there's no data or simulations to say, OK, when you come to the last corner and you go to full throttle and you have 500bhp less than the car behind you on the lap, this is the gap you need to have before they get on you," he said.
"So I think it's having clearer guidelines from them [the FIA], because none of us drivers want to get in trouble."
Hamilton reckoned a better solution, which he had told the stewards, was that they should mandate maximum deployment through Turns 18/19, to prevent there being big speed differentials between cars.
"I said to them what they should do is on a single lap, when we're doing a push lap, we get max power out of the last corner," he said.
"Then, when you come through [Turn 19], it resets, and you have a little bit more power in here. There should just be nobody going slow ever through [Turns] 18/19."
The Race ·
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