蒙扎引入类椭圆赛道式尾流竞速，2026新规改变F1比赛风格
2026年F1新规已在多站比赛中显著改变竞速风格，蒙扎意大利大奖赛的尾流大战是最具戏剧性的例证。今年出现了新术语“悠悠球式竞速”，指赛车借助电池额外动力轻松超车，但因能量耗尽又难以保持位置。
蒙扎如何将类似椭圆赛道的尾流超车带入F1
周日的意大利大奖赛既展示了2026年F1“溜溜球”式比赛最好的一面，也展示了最糟糕的一面
已经有不少例子表明，2026年F1的规则彻底改变了全年24条赛道中部分赛道的比赛风格，但蒙扎的尾流大战是迄今为止最戏剧性的例子。
一个全新的术语被创造出来，用来形容今年的奇观，即所谓的“溜溜球”式比赛：赛车可以借助电池的额外动力轻松完成超车，但随后由于能量耗尽，既无法拉开距离，也无法守住位置。
蒙扎这场53圈的比赛中，或许是迄今为止最极端的‘悠悠球’式赛车，赛车们成群结队地互相紧咬却无法甩开，因为蒙扎长直道上巨大的尾流效应进一步增强了超车模式（电动超车模式）的效力，使得本质上较慢的赛车也能跟上前车。
这一点在红牛的维斯塔潘身上最为明显，他的动力单元性能不足以真正向梅赛德斯赛车挑战冠军。但巨大的尾流效应加上2026年的能量部署需求，意味着他仍能长时间咬住拉塞尔，因为这位英国车手无法甩开他，而每当荷兰人找到办法超越之后，Russell就成了活靶子。
“说实话，（我不太喜欢）大家像超越一只乌龟一样从你身边开过去，”Verstappen说，“有了超车模式，一切看起来很有希望，但一旦我取得领先，防守就变得非常困难。即使我们进了虚拟安全车（VSC）之后进站换上了更好的轮胎，我在不断超车，但只要他们能挂上超车模式咬住你，它就强大到我们根本无法防守。”
皮亚斯特里和汉密尔顿——他们在比赛中段的虚拟安全车之前已与领先的两辆车拉开距离——也形成了一个最初的小车群，诺里斯和加斯利同样如此。
在椭圆赛道上，经验丰富的车手或许会尝试相互配合，并有意地以尽可能高效的方式交换领先位置。但在F1的公路赛道上，这样做要难得多，Russell和Verstappen互相消耗了足够多的时间，让安东内利得以完成一场精彩的场中逆袭。
"不知为何，在这些F1规则下，要完成一次超车然后顺利走掉并不容易，"迈凯伦车队领队Andrea Stella解释道。"你可以看看Lando超越Gasly花了多少时间，然后才开始缩小与前车的差距。"
"我们看到，比赛确实提供了相当多的娱乐性，但在某种程度上，如果你的发车位置不在前排，较快的赛车也会在竞争方面遇到一些问题。"
法拉利车队领队Fred Vasseur补充道："比赛节奏大概还算可以。主要问题在于极速和超车。我们几乎不可能进攻，也不可能防守。当我们进攻别人时，我们耗光了电池，下一个直道上就丢掉了位置。"
Stella称意大利大奖赛周末是他团队一年中最繁忙的周末之一，因为团队要努力优化针对这种新赛车风格的战略和调校，而这种风格在围绕高能耗赛道的讨论中占据了主导地位。
"对所有人来说都非常、非常忙碌，包括车手和工程师，要在像蒙扎这样的赛道上管理动力单元和电池，"他补充道。"这成为了比赛中占主导地位的因素。我们看到，加上尾流效应，一辆更快的车实际上可能很难甩开一辆更慢的车。
"尾流的组合效应，加上你身后有车、你开始使用Boost来防守，然后你会损失很多速度，这可能会造成每圈多达半秒的差距。
"我认为2026年的蒙扎将被记住是新规下最具代表性的一场比赛。它在执行层面需要很高的水准。我认为我们做到了，但总体而言我们没能竞争冠军，因为梅赛德斯（梅赛德斯）相比其他所有人都有一步的优势。"
事实上，最终夺冠的Antonelli是唯一一位打破这种组车扎堆趋势的车手，他从发车格第19位一路向上追赶。Antonelli在比赛早段完成了大量艰苦工作，在第6圈重启后一度升至第六位，这让他有了完成一场不太可能的大逆转夺冠的机会。
虽然Antonelli惊人的进步在一定程度上可以归因于梅赛德斯更出色的能量部署，但他是唯一一个不断从一组车追到另一组车的车手，而队友Russell却始终无法摆脱领跑的Verstappen，这也说明这位车手本人值得大量赞誉——这位20岁的意大利车手展现出了激进却细致的超车技术和走线能力。
"今天的关键区别在于穿越车流的能力，"Antonelli的车队领队Toto Wolff说。"我们在过去其他伟大车手身上也见过这一点。Lewis在某些比赛中做到过，而这就是Kimi今天所展现的。根本没有人能拦住他。当车手和赛车融为一体时，就没有任何东西能够阻挡他们。"
英文原文
How Monza introduced oval-like slipstream racing to F1
Sunday's Italian Grand Prix showcased both the best and worst of Formula 1's 2026 yo-yo racing
There have been several examples of Formula 1 2026's regulations radically changing the style of racing at some of the 24 circuits on the calendar, but Monza's slipstream festival was the most dramatic example yet.
A brand-new term coined to describe this year's spectacle is the so-called yo-yo racing, where cars are easily able to complete overtakes using the extra grunt from the battery but then are unable to break away or keep that position as they run out of energy.
Monza's 53-lapper was perhaps to most extreme version of yo-yo racing yet, with cars hounding each other in packs without being able to break away, because the huge tow on Monza's long straights further boosted the effectiveness of the electric overtake mode, allowing intrinsically slower cars to keep up with the car in front.
That was most obvious with Red Bull's Max Verstappen, who did not have the power unit performance to genuinely challenge the Mercedes cars for the win. But the huge slipstream effect combined with 2026's energy deployment needs meant he was still able to stick with George Russell for a long time as the Briton was unable to break away, only to be a sitting duck whenever the Dutchman found a way past.
"To be honest, [I didn’t enjoy it] a lot when people just drive by you like you’re a turtle," Verstappen said. "With the overtake mode, it looked quite promising, but as soon as I got in the lead, it was very hard to defend. Even when we had the VSC, we boxed, had better tyres, I’m overtaking cars, but as soon as they can hang in that overtake mode, it’s just too powerful for us to actually defend against that."
Oscar Piastri and Lewis Hamilton, who had lost touch with the lead pair before the mid-race virtual safety car, also formed an initial pocket of cars, as did Lando Norris and Pierre Gasly.
This is where veteran oval drivers would perhaps try and work together and trade the lead on purpose as efficiently as possible. But on an F1 road course that's much harder to do, and Russell and Verstappen cost each other enough time for Kimi Antonelli to make a spectacular comeback through the field.
"Somehow with these Formula 1 [regulations], it's not easy to get an overtake completed and move on," McLaren team boss Andrea Stella explained. "If you see how much it took for Lando to pass Gasly and then start to close the gap to the cars ahead.
"We see that there's certainly been quite a lot of entertainment, but to some extent there were also some issues for a quicker car to be able to compete if you don't start at the front of the grid."
Ferrari team boss Fred Vasseur added: "The race pace was probably okay-ish. The main issue was top speed and overtaking. It was quite impossible for us to attack or to defend. When we were attacking someone, we were draining the battery, and next straight line we were losing the position."
Stella called the Italian GP weekend one of the busiest weekends of the year for his crew as it tried to optimise the strategy and set-up for this new style of racing, which has dominated the conversation around energy-hungry circuits.
"Very, very busy for everyone, drivers and engineers, with managing the power unit and the battery on a circuit like Monza," he added. "This becomes the dominating element of racing. We see that jointly with the slipstream a faster car actually can struggle then to pull away from a slower car.
"This could make a [difference per lap] of as much as half a second, the combination of the slipstream and the fact that you have a car behind that you start to use the boost to defend [against] and then you lose a lot of pace.
"Monza 2026, I think, will be remembered as the most relevant race with the new regulations. It required a high quality from an execution point of view. I think we did, but overall we were not in contention for the victory because Mercedes had a step advantage on everyone else."
Indeed, eventual winner Antonelli was the only driver to buck that pack racing trend, as he marched up the order form 19th on the grid. Antonelli did a lot of the hard work early on by running has high as sixth after the lap 6 restart, which gave him chance of an unlikely comeback win.
But while some of Antonelli's astonishing progress can be ascribed to Mercedes' superior energy deployment, the fact that he was the only driver to move up from group to group while team-mate Russell couldn't break away from Verstappen at the front also shows the driver deserves plenty of credit, with the 20-year-old Italian showcasing aggressive but meticulous overtaking skills and car placement.
"The differentiator today was the ability going through the traffic," said Antonelli's team boss Toto Wolff. "And we've seen it with other great ones in the past. Lewis, who did it at some of the races, and that's what Kimi has shown today. There's just no stopping [him]. When a driver and a car are one, then there's nothing that can stop them."
Motorsport.com ·
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