克拉克、塞纳、安东内利——大满贯年龄纪录的演变
F1大满贯（杆位、领跑每一圈并夺冠、同时创造最快圈速）的年龄纪录不断被刷新。胡安·曼努埃尔·方吉奥在1950年摩纳哥大奖赛上以38岁10个月27天的年龄成为首位大满贯得主，此后吉姆·克拉克、埃尔顿·塞纳等车手相继打破纪录，而最近安德烈亚·安东内利可能再次刷新这一纪录。
克拉克、塞纳、安东内利——大满贯年龄纪录的演变
今年早些时候，基米·安东内利成为最年轻的大满贯（或大满贯）得主——这一纪录几乎只有F1最伟大的车手才曾保持过。
历史上第一个大满贯——从杆位领跑整场比赛并在获胜途中创造最快圈速——发生在F1世界锦标赛的第二场比赛中。
未来的五届世界冠军胡安·曼努埃尔·方吉奥在排位赛中最快，领先2.6秒。这位38岁的阿根廷人在Tabac弯角通过后，港口涌来的波浪浸湿了赛道，导致大部分车手出局，包括从发车区前五名起步的其他四位车手。
“我非常幸运，”方吉奥告诉Autosport，否认了他可能拥有“第六感”的说法。“1936年发生过类似事件，我碰巧在比赛前一天在汽车俱乐部看到了一张照片。
“当我从减速弯出来时，我意识到观众有些不同。我领先，但他们没有看我。他们正沿着道路向下看。我看到的是他们的后脑勺，而不是他们的脸。Tabac那里有比领先者更有趣的事情。
“然后我想起了那张照片，并尽可能用力刹车。非常接近。”
方吉奥随后套圈了所有对手。这绝不是他最精彩的驾驶，但它仍然创造了历史。
直到阿尔贝托·阿斯卡里和法拉利在1952年和1953年赛季（按F2规则运行）占据主导地位，才出现了其他大满贯，他们的霸权在短短14场比赛中产生了5个大满贯。
其中第一个是1952年在鲁昂举行的首届法国大奖赛。阿斯卡里以2分14.8秒跑完5.1公里的赛道，分别比法拉利队友朱塞佩·法里纳和皮耶罗·塔鲁菲快1.4秒和2.3秒。
阿斯卡里在没有进站的情况下完成了388公里的比赛，甚至一场阵雨也无法阻挡他的统治。他以1分10.7秒的优势领先法里纳夺冠，塔鲁菲落后一圈，其他人更远。
下一位加入大满贯行列的车手是迈克·霍索恩——第一位在20多岁时实现这一成就的车手。
这位长期效力法拉利的车手在过去几年中一直是前三名的常客——他在1952年英国大奖赛上以23岁的年龄驾驶私人参赛的库珀成为F1历史上最年轻的领奖台完赛者。但1958年法国大奖赛只是他的第三场——也是最后一场——胜利。
作为那个赛季迄今为止唯一每场比赛都得分的车手，霍索恩在积分榜上落后于两届冠军斯特林·莫斯，但他在兰斯获得杆位，领先法拉利队友兼对手路易吉·穆索0.7秒，莫斯落后2秒排在第六。
穆索在早期追赶霍索恩，但在第10圈冲出赛道。三周前在斯帕-弗朗科尔尚赛道经历了一场严重撞车后幸存，这位33岁的意大利人被抛出翻滚的法拉利，几小时后去世。
霍索恩随后在无人挑战的情况下获胜，领先莫斯24.6秒，这竟成了他最后一场F1胜利。由于莫斯的公平竞赛——后者在霍索恩面临葡萄牙大奖赛取消资格时为他辩护——霍索恩以微弱优势加冕世界冠军。
霍索恩在赢得冠军后宣布退役，仅三个月后遭遇致命道路事故。他年仅29岁。
回到1962年，莲花车队推出了非常成功的莲花25——一款14次大奖赛冠军得主——吉姆·克拉克证明了他能充分发挥其潜力。
年仅26岁的克拉克在那一年成为真正的冠军争夺者，但机械问题使他在前四轮中的三轮退出竞争，而他在斯帕-弗朗科尔尚赛道从第12位发车赢得首胜，因此大满贯无望。
然而在安特里，克拉克获得了职业生涯第三个杆位（最终创纪录的33个），领先约翰·苏尔特斯0.6秒，并全程领跑这位同胞的Bowmaker参赛的Lola。他缓慢但轻松地拉开差距，以49.2秒获胜。
克拉克可能只获得过两个世界冠军，因为可靠性问题在62、64和67年让他付出巨大代价，但他在1968年4月在霍根海姆的一场F2比赛中不幸去世前，实现了8个大满贯——至今仍是纪录。
在接下来的23年里，不少于10位车手获得过大满贯，但只有艾尔顿·塞纳的出现提供了打破“最年轻”纪录的机会。
塞纳在托尔曼令人印象深刻的新秀赛季后，加入莲花车队，这只是他F1的第二个赛季。在雅卡雷帕瓜，他排位第四，一直跑到第三，直到发生电气故障，而他在埃斯托里尔的表现确实令人印象深刻。
这位25岁的巴西人在干燥条件下获得压倒性杆位，这是他创纪录的65个杆位中的第一个，比迈凯伦的阿兰·普罗斯特快0.413秒。比赛中大雨肆虐，26名参赛者中只有9人在方格旗前被归类。
塞纳在第一圈后领先队友埃利奥·德·安吉利斯2.65秒，第10圈领先12.9秒，并继续拉开差距，最终领先法拉利的米凯莱·阿尔博雷托63秒获胜。他与莲花车队经理彼得·沃尔分享的庆祝成为F1民间传说。
“赛车到处打滑——很难控制住它，”塞纳赛后评论道。“你经常看到赛车仅仅因为缺乏抓地力和动力过大而到处打滑。我对赛车唯一的问题是刹车，但在这种条件下你预料到了。
“一旦你接近某人，你什么都看不见。人们认为我没有犯错，但事实并非如此——我不知道我冲出赛道多少次！有一次我四个轮子都在草地上，完全失控，赛车又回到了赛道上。
“每个人都说‘惊人的赛车控制’，但那只是运气。”
多年后，当有人提出他1993年多宁顿大师级表现是他最伟大的驾驶时，塞纳不同意：“不可能！我有牵引力控制。
“好吧，我在多宁顿没有犯任何真正的错误，但赛车驾驶起来容易得多。这是一场不错的胜利，当然，但与1985年埃斯托里尔相比，真的不算什么！”
塞巴斯蒂安·维特尔，红牛赛车小红牛7雷诺
与这份名单上的其他所有车手不同，塞巴斯蒂安·维特尔在获得首个大满贯时已经是世界冠军。
这位红牛神童曾多次接近，包括2009年英国大奖赛——他提前三圈进站，暂时将领先让给了队友马克·韦伯——以及2011年欧洲大奖赛，他比菲利佩·马萨早一圈换胎，因此短暂地让出了第一位置。
还有2009年日本大奖赛，他从杆位领跑到胜利——但韦伯以0.003秒的优势抢走了最快圈速。
尽管如此，维特尔终于在F1首次访问印度时将所有要素整合在一起。他在排位赛中以0.296秒的优势力压刘易斯·汉密尔顿，以0.271秒的优势超过韦伯获得最快圈速，并在前10圈领先简森·巴顿4.8秒，在通往8.4秒胜利的路上大致保持了这个差距。
但红牛对维特尔的最快圈速英雄主义并不兴奋。至于他的车手是否请求允许完成大满贯，车队老板克里斯蒂安·霍纳说：“当然没有，因为他知道我们不喜欢这样。
“我们已经尽力管理它，我们调低了所有引擎模式，关闭了KERS，除了在赛道上放一头牛，我们无能为力。
“归根结底，我们完全信任他。我相信他还有余量，他的主要目标是赢得比赛。他知道最快圈速没有积分，但他喜欢那些小统计数据来完成一个完美的周末。”
那天，维特尔还打破了奈杰尔·曼塞尔单赛季领跑圈数纪录——2011赛季结束时为739圈，而这位英国偶像在1992年为694圈，尽管曼塞尔的命中率更高，而马克斯·维斯塔潘在2023年彻底打破了这一纪录。
维斯塔潘在第128次尝试时成为F1最年轻的大满贯得主，这有点奇怪——这与方吉奥、阿斯卡里和霍索恩参加的比赛总数一样多——但这只是反映了他17岁首次参加大奖赛，并且在2021年之前从未真正拥有最快赛车的事实。
英文原文
Clark, Senna, Antonelli – How the grand chelem age record has evolved
Earlier this year, Kimi Antonelli became the youngest driver to score a grand chelem (or grand slam) – a record that (almost) only the greatest of F1 drivers have ever held
The first-ever grand chelem – leading the whole race from pole position and setting the fastest lap on your way to victory – occurred in just the second race of the Formula 1 world championship.
Future five-time title winner Juan Manuel Fangio was fastest by 2.6s in qualifying. The 38-year-old Argentine made it past Tabac corner right before a wave from the harbour soaked the track, which wiped out most of the field, including the other four drivers who started from the top five.
“I was very lucky,” Fangio told Autosport, denying suggestions that he might have a ‘sixth sense’. “There had been a similar incident in 1936 and I happened to see a photograph of it at the Automobile Club the day before the race.
“As I came out of the chicane, I was aware that there was something different with the crowd. I was leading, but they were not watching me. They were looking down the road. Instead of seeing their faces, I was seeing the backs of their heads. Something at Tabac was more interesting than the leader.
“And then I remembered that photograph and braked as hard as I could. It was very close.”
Fangio went on to lap all of his rivals. This wasn’t his most fantastic drive by any means, but it still made history.
No other grand chelem was achieved until Alberto Ascari and Ferrari dominated the 1952 and 1953 seasons, run to Formula 2 regulations, with their supremacy yielding five grand slams in just 14 races.
The first one of those was the inaugural Rouen-based French Grand Prix, in 1952. Ascari lapped the 5.1km track in 2m14.8s, outpacing Ferrari team-mates Giuseppe Farina and Piero Taruffi by 1.4s and 2.3s respectively.
Ascari completed the 388km race with no pitstops, and even a rain shower couldn’t thwart his dominance. He took the chequered flag 1m10.7s ahead of Farina, with Taruffi a lap down and everyone else further adrift.
The next driver to join the grand chelem ranks was Mike Hawthorn – the first one to do so in his 20s.
The longtime Ferrari racer had been a consistent top-three achiever over the previous years – he became F1’s youngest-ever podium finisher at just 23 in the 1952 British Grand Prix with a privately-entered Cooper. But the 1958 French GP marked just his third – and last – victory.
The only driver to have scored points in every race so far that season, Hawthorn was led by two-time winner Stirling Moss in the standings, but he took pole position at Reims, leading Ferrari team-mate and rival Luigi Musso by seven tenths, with Moss two seconds adrift in sixth.
Musso chased Hawthorn early on but went off the track on lap 10. Three weeks on from surviving a hefty crash at Spa-Francorchamps, the 33-year-old Italian was thrown out of his somersaulting Ferrari and died a few hours later.
Hawthorn went on to win unchallenged, 24.6s ahead of Moss, in what turned out to be his final F1 victory. He was narrowly crowned the world champion, courtesy of Moss’s fair-play, as the latter stood up for Hawthorn when he was facing disqualification from the Portuguese GP.
Hawthorn announced his retirement after winning the title and suffered a fatal road accident just three months later. He was 29 years old.
Back in 1962, Team Lotus introduced its highly successful Lotus 25 – a 14-time grand prix winner – and Jim Clark proved he could get the most of it.
Aged just 26, Clark became a bona fide title contender that year, but mechanical problems took him out of contention in three of the first four rounds, while he took his maiden win at Spa-Francorchamps – from 12th on the grid, so a grand chelem wasn’t on the cards.
At Aintree however, Clark claimed his third career pole of what would be a record 33, outpacing John Surtees by 0.6s, and led his compatriot’s Bowmaker-entered Lola throughout the race. He slowly but comfortably pulled away and won by 49.2s.
Clark may have clinched just two world titles, as unreliability cost him dear in ’62, ’64 and ’67, but he achieved eight grands chelems – still a record to this day – before his untimely death in an F2 race at Hockenheim in April 1968.
No fewer than 10 drivers scored grands chelems over the next 23 years, but only Ayrton Senna’s emergence provided an opportunity to beat the ‘youngest’ record.
Senna joined Lotus for what was just his sophomore F1 season after an impressive rookie campaign with Toleman. At Jacarepagua, he qualified fourth and ran third until an electrical failure occurred, and his Estoril performance was genuinely impressive.
The 25-year-old Brazilian took a dominant pole position in dry conditions, his first of a record 65, 0.413s faster than McLaren’s Alain Prost. Rain wreaked havoc in the race, with only nine of the 26 runners classified under the chequered flag.
Senna was 2.65s clear of team-mate Elio de Angelis after lap one, 12.9s ahead on lap 10, and kept pulling away to triumph 63 seconds ahead of Ferrari’s Michele Alboreto. The celebration he shared with Lotus team manager Peter Warr is etched into F1 folklore.
“The car was sliding everywhere – it was very hard to keep [it] under control,” Senna commented afterwards. “You often saw cars sliding about all over the place purely through lack of grip and too much power. The only problem [I had] with the car was the brakes, but under these conditions you expect that.
“Once you were close to someone, you could not see anything. People think I made no mistakes, but that’s not true – I’ve no idea how many times I went off! Once I had all four wheels on the grass, totally out of control, and the car came back on the circuit.
“Everyone said ‘Fantastic car control’ but it was just luck.”
And when, years later, it was suggested that his 1993 Donington masterclass was his greatest drive, Senna disagreed: “No way! I had traction control.
“OK, I didn’t make any real mistakes [at Donington], but the car was so much more easier to drive. It was a good win, sure, but compared with Estoril ’85 it was nothing, really!”
Sebastian Vettel, Red Bull Racing RB7 Renault
Unlike every other driver on this list, Sebastian Vettel was already a world champion when he clinched his maiden grand chelem.
The Red Bull prodigy had come close several times, including the 2009 British GP – where he temporarily lost the lead to team-mate Mark Webber as he pitted three laps earlier – and the 2011 European GP, where he changed tyres one lap before Felipe Massa and therefore conceded first place ever so briefly.
There was also the 2009 Japanese GP, which he led from pole to victory – but Webber snatched the fastest lap away by 0.003s.
Still, Vettel finally put it all together on F1’s inaugural visit to India. He topped qualifying by a healthy 0.296s over Lewis Hamilton, outpaced Webber by 0.271s for the fastest lap, and pulled away from Jenson Button by 4.8s in the first 10 laps, roughly maintaining that gap on his way to an 8.4s victory.
But Red Bull wasn’t thrilled with Vettel’s fastest-lap heroics. As to whether his driver had asked for permission to complete the grand chelem, team boss Christian Horner said: “Of course not because he knows we don't like it.
“We had done our best to manage it, we had turned all the engine modes down, KERS off, and short of putting a cow on the circuit there was not a lot else we could do.
“At the end of the day we have complete trust in him. I am sure he still had the margin in there, and the main aim for him is to win the race. He knows there are no points for fastest laps, but he likes those little statistics to complete a perfect weekend.”
That day, Vettel also broke Nigel Mansell’s record for most laps led in a season – 739 by the end of the 2011 season to the British icon’s 694 in 1992, though Mansell’s hit rate was higher and Max Verstappen obliterated that one in 2023.
It can be somewhat quaint that Verstappen became F1’s youngest grand chelem scorer at the 128th time of asking – as many races as the combined Fangio, Ascari and Hawthorn have competed in – but that’s just a reflection of the fact he made his grand prix debut at 17 and never really had the fastest car before 2021.
Autosport ·
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